WHAT IS AN ORCA? What is an Orca?

Sources and References


BAIN. D. E. 1989 An evaluation of evolutionary processes: Studies of natural selection, dispersal, and cultural evolution in killer whale (Orcinus orca). Ph.D dissertation, University of California, Santa Cruz.

BALCOMB, K.C. 1991. Kith and kin of the killer whale. Pacific Discovery, 44 (2), 8-17.

BARRETT-LENNARD, L.G., John K.B. Ford and Kathy A. Heise. 1996. The mixed blessing of echolocation: differences in sonar use by fish eating and marine mammal eating killer whales. Anim. Behav., 51, 553-565.

BIGG, M.A., G.M. Ellis, J.K.B. Ford and K.C. Balcomb, III. 1987. Killer Whales: A Study of their Identification, Genealogy & Natural History in British Columbia and Washington State. Phantom Press, Nanaimo, B.C. pp 1 - 79.

BIGG, M.A., P.F. Olesiuk, G.M. Ellis, J.K.B. Ford and K.C. Balcomb, III. 1990. Social organization and genealogy of resident killer whales (Orcinus orca) in the coastal waters of British Columbia and Washington state. Rep. Int. Whal. Comm. (Special Issue 12), 383 - 405.

BRIGGS, D. 1991. Impact on killer whales. Province of British Columbia, Ministry of Parks, pp 1 -37.

FORD, J.K.B. 1984. Call traditions and dialects of killer whales (Orcinus orca) in British Columbia. Ph.D. thesis, University of British Columbia, Vancouver.

FORD, J.K.B. 1985. Acoustic traditions of killer whales. Whalewatcher. American Cetacean Society.

FORD, J.K.B. 1989. Acoustic behaviour of resident killer whales (Orcinus orca) off Vancouver Island, British Columbia. Can. J. Zool. 67: 727 - 745.

FORD, J.K.B., G.M. Ellis and K.C. Balcomb, III. 1994. Killer Whales: The Natural History and Genealogy of Orcinus orca in British Columbia and Washington State. UBC Press, Vancouver and University of Washington Press, Seattle.

HOYT, E. 1990. Orca, The Whale Called Killer. Third Edition, Robert Hale, London, pp 1 - 291.

HOYT, E. 1992. The Performing Orca - Why the Show Must Stop, Whale and Dolphin Conservation Society, Bath, U.K. 1 - 102.

JACOBSEN,J.K. 1990. Associations and social behaviors among killer whales (Orcinus orca) in the Johnstone Strait, British Columbia, 12979 - 1986. M.A. thesis, Humboldt State University, California.

KIRKEVOLD, B.C. and J.S. Lockard, eds. 1986. Behavioral Biology of Killer Whales. Alan R Liss Inc., New York. pp 1 - 457.

INTERNATIONAL WHALING COMMISSION. 1982. Special Issue 12. Proceedings of killer whale workshop.

NICHOL, L.M. 1990. Seasonal movements and foraging behaviour of resident killer whales (Orcinus orca) in relation to the inshore distribution of salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) in British Columbia. M. Sc. thesis, University of British Columbia.

OLESIUK,P.F., M.A. Bigg, and G. Ellis. 1990. Life history and population dynamics of resident killer whales (Orcinus orca) in the coastal waters of British Columbia and Washington State. Rep. Int. Whal. Comm. (Special Issue 12): 209 - 243.

OSBORNE, R., J. Calambokidis, and E. Dorsey. 1987. A Field Guide to the Marine Mammals of Greater Puget Sound. Island Publishers, Anacortes, Washington.

ROSE, N.A. 1992. The social dynamics of male killer whales (Orcinus orca) in Johnstone Strait, British Columbia. Ph.D. dissertation, University of California, Santa Cruz.

SPONG, P. 1991. Corky come home. BBC Wildlife, 9: 164 - 171.

SPONG, P. 1991. From the wild side: let's focus on ethics. Whalewatcher, Spring, pp 20 -21.

SPONG, P. 1995. Good girl, Corky. BBC Wildlife, vol. 13 No. 8: 28 -34.

WAITE, J.M. 1988. Alloparental care in killer whales (Orcinus orca). M.Sc. thesis, University of California, Santa Cruz.

WHALE AND DOLPHIN CONSERVATION SOCIETY. 1991. Conserving our Marine Environment: the world of whales and dolphins.

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